Used Die Sinking Erosion Machines for Sale — 275

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    Die Sinking Erosion Machines aka EDM Machine

    EDM Sinker erosion machine

    There are two basic variants of the EDM process based on the type of electrode used which is basically the cutting tool: Die sinking EDM and Wire cut EDM. A pre-shaped or formed electrode usually made from graphite or copper, which is machined in the exact opposite shape as the one required in the workpiece is used as the tool in the die sinking EDM process and it is fed vertically down. Whereas in the case of wire cut EDM, a continuously traveling vertical wire electrode which has the diameter of a small needle or less than that is used to cut a narrow slot through the workpiece to produce the desired shape.

    Die Sinking Erosion Machines Types

    The basic elements of a die sinker EDM machine are: electrode, dielectric medium and work piece with auxiliary units like power supply and CNC control which are indispensable for the process to take place.

    • Electrode – It is the actual tool for removing the material. The most commonly used electrode materials are graphite, brass and other copper alloys, pure tungsten and tungsten alloys and copper graphite. Because of the inherent properties of graphite-like the high melting point above 3000°C, low heat conductivity, easy machinability and also since it is inexpensive, graphite is the most preferred electrode material.
    • Workpiece – Electrically conductive material in which the required profile is to be cut.
    • Dielectric Unit – Hydrocarbons oils are used as dielectric fluids between the electrode and the job in the vertical EDM machines. The dielectric fluid acts as an insulator until a required amount of voltage is applied after which it ionizes, producing a controlled spark which vaporizes and erodes the metal from the workpiece. The heat of each spark ranges from 15,000° to 21,000° Fahrenheit and sparking occurs in a frequency range from 2,000 to 500,000 sparks per second. The dielectric also acts as a pressurized cooling fluid which cools the vaporized metal and flushes the eroded materials off the gap. The dielectric fluid passes through a filter to remove suspended particles so that it can be reused.

    Auxiliary Units Of Die Sinker Edm Machine

    • Power Supply – A pre-determined voltage is generated by a DC or AC servo system between the wire electrode and the workpiece for maintaining the spark. The tool is made the negatively charged electrode while the part to be cut is made the anode.
    • Computer Numerical Control – The CNC control is accountable for the accurate movement of the tool over the workpiece to be machined. Other features include technology to aid in the prevention of wire breaks, background editing and graphic display of programs while the machine is under operation. With a single CNC program fed into the system, several thousands of identical parts can be machined with less operator assistance. The control also monitors the offset of the tool.

    Advantages And Disadvantages Of Die Sinker EDM

    The most important advantage of sinker EDM process is that it can machine anything which is electrically conductive irrespective of the other mechanical properties of the metal such as hardness, ductility etc. Therefore, it is considered to be the most suitable method for fabricating hardened steels. On the negative side, it is the major limitation as well. It is not suitable for machining non-conductive materials such as plastics. The secondary advantage of ram EDM process when compared to conventional machining is that it does not set any limits on the depth of the surface that can be machined. There are no notable mechanical stresses acting on the tool or the workpiece in the EDM process unlike the other machining processes like milling, turning, grinding etc. In the latter processes, the deeper the shape, the larger cutter diameter must be selected because of the cutting force and vibrations caused by the rotating movement. One more advantage of sinker EDM machine is its capability to produce three-dimensional parts (3D) while only two-dimensional geometries (2D) can be produced by wire EDM process. The finished jobs of EDM process are burr free and with excellent surface finish thus eliminating the need for subsequent finishing or secondary operations.

    When compared to the wire EDM process which employs a wire to erode the material instead of a form machined electrode, die sinking process is slightly disadvantageous in the sense that there occurs wearing of the tool. But with certain combinations of electrode and workpiece materials and by adjusting certain process parameters there is a possibility to achieve a condition called as ‘no-wear machining’. Also, it involves extra cost and time for the development of electrodes used in the die sinking process which is not the case in wire EDM. Generally in both the EDM variants, the material removal rate is very low and the power consumption is too quite high.

    A few famous suppliers of die sinking EDM machines in the world are MAKINO, ANOTRONIC, Heun, Knuth Machine Tools, GF AgieCharmilles, ONA Electro-Erosion, Sodick, EXERON, OSCAR, Creator Precision, OPS-INGERSOLL Funkenerosion GmbH, MAXSEE, NEUAR, CHMER, JOEMARS and KAAST Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH.